Critical Velocity, Maximal Lactate Steady State, and Muscle MCT1 and MCT4 after Exhaustive Running in Mice.

Although the critical velocity (CV) protocol has been used to determine the aerobic capacity in rodents, there is a lack of studies that compare CV with maximal lactate steady state intensity (iMLSS) in mice. As a consequence, their physiological and molecular responses after exercise until exhaustion at CV intensity remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to compare and correlate CV with iMLSS in running mice, following different mathematical models for CV estimation. We also evaluated their physiological responses and muscle MCT1 and MCT4 after running until exhaustion at CV. Thirty C57BL/6J mice were divided into two groups (exercised-E and control-C). Group E was submitted to a CV protocol (4 days), using linear (lin1 and lin2) and hyperbolic (hyp) mathematical models to determine the distance, velocity, and time to exhaustion (tlim) of each predictive CV trial, followed by an MLSS protocol. After a running effort until exhaustion at CV intensity, the mice were immediately euthanized, while group C was euthanized at rest. No differences were observed between iMLSS (21.1 ± 1.1 m.min-1) and CV estimated by lin1 (21.0 ± 0.9 m.min-1, p = 0.415), lin2 (21.3 ± 0.9 m.min-1, p = 0.209), and hyp (20.6 ± 0.9 m.min-1, p = 0.914). According to the results, CV was significantly correlated with iMLSS. After running until exhaustion at CV (tlim = 28.4 ± 8,29 min), group E showed lower concentrations of hepatic and gluteal glycogen than group C, but no difference in the content of MCT1 (p = 0.933) and MCT4 (p = 0.123) in soleus muscle. Significant correlations were not found between MCT1 and MCT4 and tlim at CV intensity. Our results reinforce that CV is a valid and non-invasive protocol to estimate the maximal aerobic capacity in mice and that the content of MCT1 and MCT4 was not decisive in determining the tlim at CV, at least when measured immediately after the running effort.

Multidisciplinary management of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in pregnancy: case series and narrative review

Abstract Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological condition characterized by raised intracranial pressure of unknown etiology with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition and no brain lesions. It occurs in pregnant patients at approximately the same frequency as in general population, but obstetric and anesthetic management of the pregnancy and labor remains controversial. In this article we provide a multidisciplinary review of the main aspects of IIH in pregnancy including treatment options, mode of delivery and anesthetic techniques. Additionally, we report three cases of pregnant women diagnosed with IIH between 2012 and 2019 in our institution.

Comportamentos de risco a saúde em adolescentes residentes em município de pequeno porte / Comportamientos de riesgo en adolescente residente de salud en pequeña ciudad porte / Health risk behaviors of adolescents living in a small municipality

Objetivo: Esse estudo tem o objetivo de identificar a prevalência de comportamentos de risco à saúde em adolescentes escolares residentes em município de pequeno porte populacional do estado da Bahia no ano de 2012. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico transversal, censitário, de base escolar, amostra constituída por 96 adolescentes escolares matriculados no ensino médio. Resultados: No ensino médio estavam matriculados 134 adolescentes com idade entre 12 e 19 anos, 72,4% participaram do estudo, verificou-se que entre os adolescentes a média da idade foi de 16,63 anos (DP±1,63), 57,5% do sexo feminino, 78,5% não exerciam atividade remunerada, 71,1% apresentavam idade de 15 a 18 anos, 58,2% se auto-declararam de cor Parda e 49,5% reside com os pais, 60,8% não experimentaram tabaco, 90,4% consumiram algum tipo de bebida alcoólica e 77,7% foram classificados como ativos fisicamente. Conclusão: Os resultados trazem a necessidade de novas pesquisas referentes aos comportamentos de risco em adolescentes escolares

Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar la prevalencia de conductas de riesgo para la salud de los adolescentes en el municipio de pequeño tamaño de la población del estado de Bahía, en 2012. Métodos: estudio transversal, censo, muestra que consta en la escuela por 96 estudiantes adolescentes inscritas en la escuela secundaria. Resultados: En la escuela secundaria se matricularon 134 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 19 años, el 72,4% participó en el estudio, se encontró que entre los adolescentes, la edad media fue de 16,63 años (DE ± 1,63), 57.5% mujeres, no se emplearon 78,5%, el 71,1% tenían entre 15-18 años de edad, el 58,2% Parda auto-declarado de color y el 49,5% vive con sus padres, 60.8% no experimentó el tabaco, el 90,4% consume algún tipo de bebida alcohólica y el 77,7% fueron clasificados como activos físicamente. Conclusión: Los resultados muestran la necesidad de una mayor investigación sobre los comportamientos de riesgo entre los estudiantes adolescentes

Objective: This study aims to identify the prevalence of health risk behaviors in schooling age adolescents that live in a small population municipality of Bahia State over 2012. Methods: It is a cohort epidemiological study, censitary, school-based, and having a sampling comprised by 96 adolescent students enrolled in high school. Results: In high school were enrolled 134 adolescents within the age group from 12 to 19 years old, where 72.4% participated in the study. It was found that among adolescent, the average age was about 16.63 years old (SD ± 1.63), where 57.5% were female, 78.5% were not employed, 71.1% were aged between 15 to 18 years old, 58.2% had self-declared brown as their skin color and 49.5% lived with their parents. It was also found that 60.8% experienced no tobacco consumption, 90.4% consumed some type of alcoholic beverage and 77.7% were classified as physically active. Conclusion: The results have shown the need for further research on risk behaviors among school adolescents

Equatorial Ligand Perturbations Influence the Reactivity of Manganese(IV)-Oxo Complexes.

Manganese(IV)-oxo complexes are often invoked as intermediates in Mn-catalyzed C-H bond activation reactions. While many synthetic MnIV -oxo species are mild oxidants, other members of this class can attack strong C-H bonds. The basis for these reactivity differences is not well understood. Here we describe a series of MnIV -oxo complexes with N5 pentadentate ligands that modulate the equatorial ligand field of the MnIV center, as assessed by electronic absorption, electron paramagnetic resonance, and Mn K-edge X-ray absorption methods. Kinetic experiments show dramatic rate variations in hydrogen-atom and oxygen-atom transfer reactions, with faster rates corresponding to weaker equatorial ligand fields. For these MnIV -oxo complexes, the rate enhancements are correlated with both 1) the energy of a low-lying 4 E excited state, which has been postulated to be involved in a two-state reactivity model, and 2) the MnIII/IV reduction potentials.

Cuidados fornecidos por familiares relacionados à convivência com o idoso / Caring services provided by relatives related to elderly interaction / Cuidados suministrados por familiares relacionados a la convivencia con el anciano

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os cuidados fornecidos pelos familiares relacionados à convivência com o idoso, cadastrados em uma USF da cidade de Jequié, BA. Encontrou-se que os cuidados são relacionados principalmente à alimentação e às medicações, preocupando-se pouco com os hábitos de vida. Concluiu-se que existe uma deficiência no conhecimento dos cuidadores/familiares acerca de cuidados necessários voltados à convivência com o idoso no contexto familiar.

This study aimed to identify the caring services provided by family members related to interaction with the elderly, registered in a USF in the city of Jequié, BA. It was found that caring services is mainly related to food and medications, worrying less about the life habits. It was concluded that there is a lack of knowledge of caregivers / relatives about necessary care focused on living with elderly in the family context.

Este estudio tuvo cómo objetivo identificar los cuidados suministrados por los familiares relacionados a la convivencia con el anciano, dados de alta en una USF de la ciudad de Jequié, BA Se encontró que los cuidados son relacionados principalmente la alimentación y las medicações, preocupándose poco con los hábitos de vida. Se concluyó que existe una deficiencia en el conocimiento de los cuidadores/familiares acerca cuidados necesarios vueltos a la convivencia con anciano en el contexto familiar

Cytogenetic characterization and genome size of the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Catharanthus roseus is a highly valuable medicinal plant producing several terpenoid indole alkaloids (TIAs) with pharmaceutical applications, including the anticancer agents vinblastine and vincristine. Due to the interest in its TIAs, C. roseus is one of the most extensively studied medicinal plants and has become a model species for the study of plant secondary metabolism. However, very little is known about the cytogenetics and genome size of this species, in spite of their importance for breeding programmes, TIA genetics and emerging genomic research. Therefore, the present paper provides a karyotype description and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) data for C. roseus, as well as a rigorous characterization of its genome size. METHODOLOGY: The organization of C. roseus chromosomes was characterized using several DNA/chromatin staining techniques and FISH of rDNA. Genome size was investigated by flow cytometry using an optimized methodology. PRINCIPAL RESULTS: The C. roseus full chromosome complement of 2n = 16 includes two metacentric, four subtelocentric and two telocentric chromosome pairs, with the presence of a single nucleolus organizer region in chromosome 6. An easy and reliable flow cytometry protocol for nuclear genome analysis of C. roseus was optimized, and the C-value of this species was estimated to be 1C = 0.76 pg, corresponding to 738 Mbp. CONCLUSIONS: The organization and size of the C. roseus genome were characterized, providing an important basis for future studies of this important medicinal species, including further cytogenetic mapping, genomics, TIA genetics and breeding programmes.

Uso de formocresol diluido en dientes temporales / Use of diluted formocresol in decidous teeth

El formocresol comenzó a usarse en Odontopediatría en 1930 y años más tarde se demostró su efecto citostático sobre la pulpa. Se realizan pulpotomías con formocresol diluido en 25 dientes temporales, de los cuales 14 tenían pulpa vital y 11 no vital; se obtuvo el 92,8 porciento de resultados positivos en los primeros y el 72,7 porciento en los segundos, después de 1 año de evolución

La oligodoncia. estudio de 500 historias clínicas / Oligodontia: study of 500 clinical histories

Se estudiaron 500 historias clínicas de pacientes tratados en el Departamento de Ortodoncia de la Facultad de Estomatología, a las mismas se les revisó el estudio periapical para detectar los dientes ausentes congénitamente. Se encontró que el 5,8 de los casos estudiados presentaba oligodoncia y que el orden de frecuencia de la misma es distinto al planteado por los autores extranjeros consultados. Se halló que la oligodoncia es más frecuente en la mandibula y que no existe predominio en ningún sexo

La oligodoncia: estudio de 500 historias clínicas / Oligodontia: study of 500 clinical histories

Se estudiaron 500 historias clínicas de pacientes tratados en el Departamento de Ortodoncia de la Facultad de Estomatología, a las mismas se les revisó el estudio periapical para detectar los dientes ausentes congénitamente. Se encontró que el 5,8 de los casos estudiados presentaba oligodoncia y que el orden de frecuencia de la misma es distinto al planteado por los autores extranjeros consultados. Se halló que la oligodoncia es más frecuente en la mandibula y que no existe predominio en ningún sexo